Anchor Piling Mooring point on the sea bed.
Anchorhandling
Tug AHT - ship carrying out tasks such as the placing or moving of anchors, as well as towing drilling installations and barges etc. May double as a supply vessel and is in such cases termed Anchorhandling Tug/Supply (AHTS).
Annular Blowout Preventer Safety valve during drilling operations. Consists of rubber gasket stopping the flow of mud outside the drill string.
Annulus The distance between the drill string and the casing or the wall of the drilling hole.
ANPRM Advance Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (U.S.)
ANS Alaskan North Slope (crude oil)
ANSI American National Standard Institute
AODC
Association of Offshore Diving Contractors

AOSC Assistant On-Scene Coordinator (U.S. Coast Guard)
AP All Purposes or Additional Premium
APEC
Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (18 members).

API American Petroleum Institute - Founded in 1919, the first oil trade association to include all branches of the petroleum industry
API GRAVITY Petroleum industry expression for density of petroleum liquid expressed in API units. - API gravity is obtained by means of simultaneous hydrometer/temperature readings, equated to, and generally expressed at 60??F. The relative density to API gravity relation is: API gravity at 60??F = 141.5 divided by relative density 60??F minus 131.5.
APICOM Association of Petroleum Industry Cooperative Managers
APS Arrival Pilot Station - Signifies a location, on arrival at which vessel will deliver on to a time-charter. Of advantage to a ship owner when compared with TIP, which see.
APT After Peak Tank
AR / ATRS American Tanker Rate Schedule-Revised - A Standards of reference published by a group of American tanker brokers and expressed in dollars and cents for thousands of possible voyages. Commonly used for U.S. coast wise voyages.
ARA Antwerpen-Rotterdam-Amsterdam, often used as destination specification.
Arbitration A method of settling disputes by one or more arbitrators. Quicker and cheaper than taking a case to court.
ARPA Automatic Radar Plotting Aid
ART Alternative Response Technology
Articulated Platform/ Oscillating Platform
An offshore structure fastened to the sea bed by means of an articulated hinge, stabilized by buoyancy elements near the surface. Usually used in connection with loading buoys and flare towers.

ASBA Association of Ship Brokers and Agents (U.S.A., Inc.), New York
ASEAN Association of South East Asian Nations - Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore.
ASEM
Summit Meeting between Asian and European nations.

ASF Asian Shipowners' Forum - shipowners' association for East Asia and Oceania.
ASME American Society of Mechanical Engineers
ASO Arbeidsgiverforeningen for Skip og Offshorefartoyer - The Employers' Organization for Ships and Offshore Installations (Oslo).
AST Atlantic Strike Team (U.S. Coast Guard)
ASTF Alaska Science and Technology Foundation
ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials
ATDN Any Time Day or Night
ATDNS/
ATDNSHINC Any Time Day or Night Shinc
ATRS / AR See AR above
ATS All Time Saved
ATSB All Time Saved Both ends
AUTOMATIC SAMPLER A device installed in a flow, automatically controlled so as to extract a representative sample of the flow.
AUTOMATIC TANK GAUGE An instrument capable of indicating the level of product from a location remote to the Manual gauge site
AWES Association of Western European Shipbuilders
AWO American Waterways Operators

BAP Best Available Protection
Bareboat The hiring or leasing of a vessel from one company to another (the charterer), which provides crew, bunkers, stores, etc. and pays all operating costs.
Bareboat Charter-Party (Demise C/P) Contract for the hire of an empty ship. All operating costs are covered by the charterer.
Barrel Measure for oil. There are 7.1 barrels of oil in one ton. Each barrel is approximately 159 litres. Many abbreviations: b, bbl, bar. Sometimes written with capital letters. Barrels per day (Bd or b/d) specifies the production rate per day.
BB Bahia Blanca ; Ballast Bonus - A lump sum amount paid to a ship owner, usually as a reward (a bonus) for positioning the vessel at a certain place as a prerequisite for her delivery on to time-charter - e.g.: for a ship ex-Mediterranean Sea, "delivering United States Gulf for a time-charter trip to the Far East at US$ 5,000 daily, plus a ballast bonus of US$ 100,000". Occasionally paid as a reward for accepting redelivery from time-charter in an unfavorable position. A Ballast Bonus may be nett (i.e. free of address commissions and brokerages) or gross (i.e.: subject to deduction of brokerage and address commission). ; Below Bridges: - indicates agreement for a vessel to proceed to that section of a port or a river/canal that is "below bridges" - in other words below the place(s) where height restrictions would prevent a vessel navigating beneath certain overhead obstructions. - e.g.: "Vessel to discharge at one safe berth River Thames, Below Bridges".
BBB Before Breaking Bulk - freight to be paid, i.e. the money deposited into the shipping company's account, prior to discharging.
BCH Code International code (IMO) for the construction and equipment of ships carrying dangerous chemicals in bulk
BCM Distance from Bow to Center of Cargo Manifolds
BD Bar draft ; Bundle
BDI Both Dates Inclusive
BEI Banque Europenne d'Investissement - The European Investment Bank.
Bell Diving Carrying out diving within a diving vessel, shaped like a bell.
Benchmarking
To compare someone or something with the best that can be achieved within a specified field.
BENDS Both Ends

BILGE The lower internal part of the hull where the vertical sides meet the bottom. This term also applies to both the inside and the outside of the hull. The internal space can be the lower part of a ship's hold or the engine room and serves as a drainage area where accumulated water can run into and be pumped from.
Bill of Lading (B/L) Negotiable document issued by shipowner to shipper of goods. Contains terms and conditions of the contract.
BIMCO The Baltic and International Maritime Council (Copenhagen)
BIMCO The Baltic and International Maritime Council, Copenhagen
BIS Bank for International Settlements (Basel)
BISCO British Iron and Steel Corporation
Bit Drill bit.
BITT Cast steel heads serving as posts to which mooring lines and cables are secured on ships
BLF Bow Loading Facilities
Block Denotes an area awarded for test drilling or production. Block sizes may vary.
Blowout Uncontrolled blow out of oil or gas due to excessive pressure in the reservoir.
Blowout Preventer Also called "Christmas Tree", a safety valve placed on the well head.
BLT Built
BMIN Bureau of Marine Inspection and Navigation
BMLA British Maritime Law Association
BNA British North America
BO Best Offer
BOA Basic Ordering Agreement
BOP Abbreviation for Blowout Preventer.
BOSVA British Offshore Supply Ships Association
BOTB British Overseas Trade Board (London)
BOW The forward most part of a vessel. This area usually houses gear lockers and is the end where anchors and mooring equipment are located.
Box Everyday term for container.
Break-Bulk Cargo Goods shipped loose in the vessel's hold and not in container.
BRM Bridge Resource Management
BROA British Rigowners' Association
BS (B/S) Bunker surcharge
BSC British Shippers Council
BSI British Standards Institution
BT Berth Terms
BTCS Butterworth Tank Cleaning System

C (Charlie)
C&E Customs and Excise - British Department for Tariffs and Customs.
C&F Cost and Freight - Goods are to be sold on the basis that the seller arranges their seaborne transportation and delivery to the buyer.
C.I.S. Confederation of Independent States (former Soviet Union - see also FSU)
C/O/H Cuba / Orinoco / Haiti
CA Central America
CAACE Comit des Associations d'Armateurs de la Communaut Europenne (Brussels) - organization for shipping companies from the EU.
CABA Containing Air Breathing Apparatus
CABAF Currency And Bunker Adjustment Factor
Cabotage Coastal trade, i.e. the movement of goods by ship between ports on the same coast or between ports within the same country.
CACM Central American Common Market
CAD Cash Against Documents
CAF Currency Adjustment Factor
CAJEA Council of All Japanese Exporters' Association
Camber The arching of the deck upward measured at the centerline in inches per foot beam.
CAP Condition Assessment Programme - inspection of a vessel to determine its technical condition.
Capesize Vessel which is too large to navigate the Suez Canal to and from the Arabian Gulf, therefore being forced to voyage around the Cape of Good Hope - approximately 80,000 - 175,000 dwt.
Caping Routing a vessel around the Cape of Good Hope, South Africa.
Capital intensive tonnage Vessel demanding relatively large capital investments, e.g. cruiseships, gas- and chemical tankers, etc.
CARIBS Caribbean Sea
CARICOM Caribbean Community.
CAS Collision Avoidance System - Electronic system commonly used to prevent collisions in USA inland navigable waterways.
Casing Pipe with thick walls placed in the drill hole and cemented in place. Prevents the hole from caving in.

CASO Council of American- flag Ship Operators (eight liner companies which left the AIMS).
Catwalk A raised bridge running fore and aft from the Midship House, also called "walkway". It affords safe passage over the pipe lines and other deck obstructions.
Cave-in The walls of the drill hole disintegrating and filling up the hole.
CBA Collective Bargaining Agreement (tariff agreement) - CBA for Filipino seamen between AMOSUP and ASO is an example. The term is used for any kind of tariff agreement, both for NIS-ships and foreign flagged ships.
CBFS Carbon Black Feed Stock
CBM Conventional Buoy Mooring
CBR Commodity Box Rate
CBT Clean Ballast Tanks
CCA Chemical Carriers Association
CCAF Comit? des Armateurs de France - the French shipowners' association.
CCC Customs Co-operation Council - forum for international cooperation between customs authorities, attempting to create harmony and uniformity of approach.
CCGD8 Commander Coast Guard District Eight
CCR Cargo Control Room
CCS China Classification Society

CEFOR Maritime insurers central association.
Cellar Deck
The level beneath Rotary Table on a rig. On a jack-up this means the well-head and BOP. On a floating rig, it is the deck from which the guidelines are controlled. May also have a Marine Riser.

CEMT Conference Europeenne des Ministres des Transports - OECD-affiliated organization for dealing with transportation problems on rails, roads and inland waterways.
CEN European Standardization Organization
CENELEC
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardisation

CENSA Council of European and Japanese National Shipowners' Associations (London).
CENSA Council of European and Japanese (Nipponese) National Shipowners' Association
CERCLA Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (U.S.)
CES Customs Exam Station(U.S. Customs designation for office granting import licence on USDA approved cargoes)
CFR Code of Federal Regulations (U.S.)
CFS Container Freight Station ; Cubic Feet per Second
CFT (CuFt) Cubic Feet
CGT Colliery Guarantee Terms - the ship is to be loaded in accordance with the terms of the colliery (coal mine) guarantee, which is a contract between the colliery and the charterers - occasionally between the colliery and the ship owner - describing applicable laytime, excepted periods, holiday and demurrage
Charterer Cargo owner or another person/company who hires a ship.
Chartering To hire a ship to carry goods/cargo.
Chartering agent Shipbroker acting on behalf of charterer in negotiations leading to the chartering of a ship.
Charter-Party (C/P) Contract for the hire of a ship or space in a ship ; Transport contract between shipowner and shipper of goods.
Chemical tanker Special tanker built for the transportation of bulk chemicals. Newer tonnage is equipped with stainless steel tanks. Ships may carry many different cargoes simultaneously, because each tank has its own pump and pipeline system for loading and unloading.
CHOPT Charterer's Option - May refer, for example, to Charterer's option to discharge at a number of ports - e.g.: "up to three ports Taiwan, in Charterer's Option". Or perhaps relative to a cargo size margin - e.g.: "10,000 tonnes, 5 per cent more or less chopt". (See MOLCO).
CIC Clean Island Council (Hawaiian cooperative)

DBB Deals, Battens and Boards. Unit of measure of timber.
DBT Double Bottom Tanks
Dead Freight Money payable by shipper or charterer to shipowner or shipping line for failing to load the amount of cargo stipulated in contract.
Deadweight The largest weight of cargo, bunkers and stores a ship is able to carry. Expressed in metric tons (1,000 kg) or long tons (1,016 kg). The deadweight tonnage is the most important commercial measurement. Normally the maximum payload for a ship is three to ten per cent lower than the deadweight, due to the weight of bunkers and stores, etc.
Decompression Slow, controlled reduction of pressure inside a pressure chamber to prevent divers from suffering the "bends" after a too fast ascent.
Degassing The removal of oil and gas from the drilling mud which may then be used again.
Dehydration Plant/ Water Separation Plant
Various types of equipment for the "drying" of gas or oil.

DEL Delivery
DELREDEL Delivery and Redelivery
DEM Demurrage - A fixed sum, per day or per hour, agreed to be paid for the detention of the vessel under charter at the expiration of the allowed laytime.
Demurrage Money paid to shipowner by charterer, shipper or receiver, for failing to complete loading/discharging within time allowed according to charter-party.
Derrick Man Platform worker handling the drill stem in the tower.
DES Disaster Emergency Services
Deviated Well A hole which intentionally is not drilled straight down.
DF Dead Freight ; Direction finder
DFD Demurrage/Free Dispatch - An expression confirming that a ship owner may be entitled to demurrage for port delay to his vessel, but that no dispatch is applicable in case laytime is saved - e.g.: "$ 2,000 Demurrage/Free Dispatch". Common in short-sea and other trades where turn-a-round in port is speedy; for example, ro-ro vessels.
DG Directorate General - the term used for the various departments of the EU-Commission.
DHD / D?D Demurrage/Half Dispatch - This term, often found in voyage charter negotiations, signifies that dispatch money is to be paid at half the daily demurrage rate.
DHPT Department of Highways and Public Transportation
Diamond Bit The tip of the drill stem reinforced with diamond to prolong its lifetime.
DIP Depth of liquid = to American expression: gauge
Dip Meter An instrument to measure deviations in the vertical component in the terrestrial magnetic field. Used to determine the position of the sediment and its structure, and to measure the deviation of the drilling hole.
Directional Drilling see Deviated Well.
DIS Dansk Internationalt Skibsregister - Danish International Shipregister.
DISP Dispatch - An agreed amount per day or per hour agreed to be paid to terminals or charterer of a vessel for prompt turnaround of a vessel. Usually half the amount of the agreed demurrage rate. (Demurrage - Half Dispatch).
Dispatch Remuneration payable by shipowner to charterer, shipper or receiver for loading/discharging in less than the time allowed according to charter-party.
Disposal Well Drilling hole which is prepared for the re-injection of produced saline into the reservoirs.
Diving Bell Bell shaped construction for deep sea diving.
Diving Support Vessel Ship with diving equipment on board, carrying out various types of diving operations. May also be equipped with remotely operated or controlled sub-sea robots (Remote Operated Vehicle - ROV).
DK Deutsche Schiffs-Revision und Klassifikation
DNME Dynamic Non-Member Economies (referring to dynamic countries which are not members of the OECD)
DNMF Det norske maskinistforbund - the Norwegian association for Ships' engineers.
DNV Det Norske Veritas (NV) - Norwegian classification society.
DNVPS Det Norske Veritas Petroleum Services

DPP Dirty Petroleum Products
DPS Dynamic Positioning System
DR Danmarks Rederiforening - the Danish Shipowners' Association.
DRAFT The depth of a ship in the water. This distance is measured from the bottom of the ship to the surface of the water. Draft marks are painted or welded on the surface of the vessels vertical plating. They are placed forward, aft and amidships on both sides of the vessel. At the amidships draft the official Load Line marker (Plimsoll mark) is also found. This Plimsoll mark designates the vessels maximum drafts allowed under various conditions.
Drag Bit One-bladed drillbit for drilling in soft sediments.
Drift Horizontal error during drilling operations.
Drill Pipe Pipes with thin walls used during drilling. Each section is normally approximately 10 metres long.
Drill Stem The string driving the bit into the sediments.
Drill Stem Test Standard procedure to test oil or gas discoveries during drilling.
Drill String see Drill Stem.
Driller The person in charge during drilling operations.
Drilling Barge Barge equipped for drilling operations in smooth seas. Normally not equipped with own propulsion machinery. Max. drilling depth approximately 150 meters.
Drilling Fluid, Drilling Mud A special mixture used during drilling operations to lubricate the bit and balance the pressure in the drilling hole.
Drilling Rig Drilling tower with turntable and mud pumping system. May be installed on an offshore rig or placed on a fixed or floating offshore installation like a drillship.
Drilling Supervisor The engineer in charge.
Drilling Tender Service vessel with personnel and equipment to the drilling rig ; Ship serving drilling installations which are depending on a ship or a barge for storage, accommodation, etc.
Drillship Ship equipped with drilling rig and its own propulsion machinery. Kept in position by Dynamic Positioning Equipment. Operating in waters with a max. depth of 2,000 metres.
Dry cargo Grain, coal, ore, general cargo, etc.
DSO De samarbeidende organisasjoner - cooperation between DNMF and NS for mobile offshore installations (Norway).
DSRK Deutsche Schiffs Revision und Klassifikation - German classification society.
DSV
Diving Support Vessel

DT Deep Tank - Tank situated between the holds of a ship, primarily used for water ballast but capable of carrying water or fuel.
DW/DWT Dead Weight/Dead Weight Tons
DWAT Dead Weight All Told:
The total deadweight of a vessel at any time, or estimated against a particular draft. Includes cargo, bunkers, constant weight, etc.
DWCC Dead Weight Cargo Capacity ; Dead Weight Carrying Capacity: Weight of cargo which a ship is able to carry when immersed to the appropriate load line, expressed in tonnes or tons.
Dynamic positioning Keeping the ship's position with the help of automatically controlled propellers.

E&P FORUM
The Oil Industry International Exploration and Production Forum (London). Statoil, Norsk Hydro and Saga Petroleum are full Norwegian members, while OLF is associated member.
EBRD European Bank for Reconstruction and Development.
ECE Economic Commission for Europe, Geneva (UN)
ECJ European Court of Justice (EU)
ECLA Economic Commission for Latin America, UN-body under ECOSOC.
ECMT European Conference of Ministers of Transport
ECOSOC Economical and Social Council of the United Nations, New York - UN's main body for economic questions. The regional commissions - ECLA, ESCAP, ECA, etc. - answer to ECOSOC.
ECSA East Coast South America ; European Community Shipowners' Association (Brussels)
ECSC European Coal and Steel Community
ECU European Currency Units. A financial unit used for EU accounting.
EEA European Economic Area
EFTA European Free Trade Association of Non-common Market Countries.
EIB European Investment Bank
ELA Euzko Langilleen Alkartsuna - Spanish-Basque trade union.
EMA European Monetary Agreement
EMAS
Eco-Management and Audit Scheme

EMIF European Maritime Industries Forum
EMU Economic Monetary Union
ESA EFTA Surveillance Authority.
ESC European Shippers' Council (Hague)
ESCAPE Economic and Social Commission for Asia and South Pacific - under ECOSOC.
EUROS Planned ship register in the EU.
EXIMBANK Export-Import Bank of the United States to promote American exports.
Exploration Well Hole drilled during the search for new oil reserves.

F (Foxtrot)
I am disabled, communicate with me
FACS Federation of American Controlled Shipping - organization for US companies with ships under FOC, mainly the Liberian.
FAO UN's Food and Agriculture Organization (Rome)
FASA Federation of Asian Shipowners' Associations
Feeder Vessel A short-sea vessel used to fetch and carry goods and containers to and from deep sea vessels.
FENSO Federation of Norwegian Ships Officers organizations (NMB in Norwegian)
FEU Forty-foot Equivalent Unit (same as two TEU).
FIATA Federation Internationale des Associations de Transifaires et Assimiles (Zurich) - International association of forwarding agents.
FIO Free in and Out - charterer pays for loading/discharging.
Fish - object
A fragment of a drill bit, broken drill pipe, or other object lodged at the bottom of the drilling hole, preventing continued drilling.

Fishing The work of removing a Fish.
Fixture Successful conclusion of negotiations between shipowner and charterer, normally with the aid of a shipbroker.
Flag discrimination National legislation reserving cargo for own ships.
Flag of convenience (FOC) Term used by labor organizations about countries allowing unlimited registration of foreign-owned ships in order to achieve low wage levels and low or no taxation payable to the flag state. Some FOC- flag states had previously very lax control routines, or no control at all, concerning the vessels' technical standard and their seaworthiness.
Flaring The burning of non-commercial oil and gas on the production platform or vessel.
Flexible Joint - or Ball-joint The bottom part of the Marine Riser construction, utilized during drilling from floating rig or vessel. Allows a certain angle deviation when the vessel or rig is positioned.
Flo-flo-ship Special ship which may be submerged to allow cargo to be floated on or off, i.e. jack-up platforms which may be carried "piggy-back"-fashion on a flo-flo-ship.
Flush Phase
The initial production phase.
FMC Federal Maritime Commission - American independant control authority regulating liner services to the USA.
FOB Free on Board - seller is responsible for delivering cargo to the port, paying also for the loading.
FOC Flag of Convenience
FONASABA Federation of National Associations of Shipbrokers and Agents
Force Majeure A clause limiting responsibility for charterer, shipper or receiver of cargo.
FPSO
Floating Production, Storage and Offloading Unit
FR Finlands Rederifrening - the Finnish Shipowners' Association.
FRB
Fast Rescue Boat
Free pratique Ship inspected and cleared by the health authorities of a country.
FSO
Floating storage and offloading unit
FSU
Floating storage unit
Fund Convention See Oil spill compensation.

Gas Lift The technique of mixing gas into the oil flow in order to enhance the flow.
Gas Oil Ratio
The ratio between the produced gas in cubic feet, and the oil measured in barrels.

Gas Re-Injection
Secondary Recovery Technique with the re-injection of "dried" and condensate-free gas to maintain pressure in the reservoir.

Gas tanker Special ship for the transportation of condensed (liquid) gases. The most important cargoes are: -LNG - Liquefied Natural Gas (mostly methane). -LPG - Liquefied Petroleum Gas (propane, butane). -Ammonia. -Ethylene. On board, gases are kept liquid with highly effective insulation (thermos bottle-principle), by high pressure or by low temperature. LNG-ships must be able to carry cargoes with temperatures as low as -163°C.
Gas Well
The discovery of hydrocarbons with a high Gas Oil Ratio.

GATS General Agreement on Trade in Services - part of GATT - concerns trading in services, incl. shipping.
GATT General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (Geneva).
GBS Gravity Base Structure
GCBS General Council of British Shipping - the amalgamation of the former BSF - British Shipping Federation - and the UK Chamber of Shipping, established 1976.
General cargo Goods unpackaged or packaged, but not shipped in bulk.
Geological Survey
Detailed investigation for structure and type of sediment.

GEOROT Geographical Rotation - sequence in which ship calls at ports on her itinerary.
GIS German International Shipregister
GL Germanischer Lloyd - German classification society.
GMDSS Global Maritime Distress and Safety System
Gooseneck
Curved section of pipeline where the drill mud reaches the flexible hosepipe for further transportation to the swivel.

Grain Cap Grain Capacity - a ship's grain-carrying capacity.
Gravity Structure
Platform firmly placed on the seabed without any special fastenings due to its high specific gravity. Several gravity structures have been installed in deep parts of the North Sea.

Gross Tonnage GT (0.2+0.02?·log10V)?·V, where V is the volume in cubic metres of all enclosed spaces on board.

back to top H (Hotel)
I have a pilot on board

Handymax Dry bulk vessel of approximately 35,000 - 50,000 dwt.
Handysize Dry bulk vessel or product tanker, 15,000 - 50,000 dwt.
HBL
Hydrostatically Balanced Loading - balancing oil and water pressure preventing oil leaks in case of grounding. HBL reduces the cargo carrying capacity bu appr. 7 per cent.

Heavy Grain Grain filling the ship to full deadweight capacity.
Hire-purchase Charter-Party C/P where the charterer gets ownership of the vessel at the conclusion of the C/P.
HR Hellenic Register of Shipping - Greek classification society.
HSC
High Speed Craft

HSLC
High Speed Light Craft

HSS Highspeed Sea Service - fast ferry concept with double- or multihulled vessels with carrying capacity of up to 1500 passengers and around 400 cars.

I (India)
I am altering my course to port

IACS International Association of Classification Societies
IADC International Association of Drilling Contractors (Houston/Amsterdam)
IAPH International Association of Ports and Harbours.
IBIA International Bunker Industry Association (Kingston on Thames).
IBRD International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (Washington) - the World Bank.
ICC International Chamber of Commerce
ICFTU International Confederation of Free Trade Unions
ICHCA International Cargo Handling Co-ordination Association (London)
ICOTAS International Committee on the Organization of Traffic at Sea (London)
ICPL International Committee on Passenger Lines (for the CENSA-countries).
ICS International Chamber of Shipping (London)
IFC International Finance Corporation
IFSMA International Federation of ShipMasters Association (London)
ILA International Law Association
ILO UN's International Labour Organization (Geneva)
IMB International Maritime Bureau - bureau established by the ICC to combat fraud in the shipping industry.
IMDG International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code - rules for the labelling of dangerous goods at sea.
IMEC International Maritime Employers' Committee
IMIF International Maritime Industry Forum - a forum for banks and shipbuilders with the purpose of solving problems in connection with surplus tanker tonnage.
IMO International Maritime Organization (London) - UN's maritime authority.
IMPA International Pilots' Association
IMU International Maritime Union (Latin-American seamen's union with US affiliations.)
Injection Well
Hole drilled to inject water or gas into the reservoir in order to maintain pressure. Also called Service Well.

INMARSAT International Maritime Satellite Organization (London)
Inside Preventer
A type of BOP which is installed on the drill stem.

INSROP International Northern Sea Route Programme - comprehensive, multi-national, multi-disciplinary five-year research programme investigating commercial navigation through the North-East Passage.
Instrument Pig
An apparatus with various measuring instruments placed inside the pipeline. Transported along with the oilflow

INTERCARGO International Association of Dry Cargo Shipowners (London) - Opposite number to INTERTANKO.
Intermodal transport Carriage of goods employing various modes of transport, i.e. sea/land, rail/sea, etc., between sender and receiver. Also called Multimodal Transport.
INTERTANKO International Association of Independent Tanker Owners (Oslo)
IOE International Organization of Employers
IOPC International Oil Pollution Compensation Fund
IOPP International Oil Pollution Prevention Certificate
ISF International Shipping Federation (London) - cooperation of maritime employers' associations.
ISM International Safety Management Code
ISMA International Ship Managers' Association
ISO International Standards Organization (London)
ISOA International Support Vessels Owners' Association (London)
ITF International Transport Workers' Federation (London)
Itinerary List of a ship's ports of call.
ITOPF International Tanker Owners Pollution Federation Ltd. (London) - manages TOVALOP and cooperates closely with CRISTAL.
ITS International Tanker Service - planned cooperation in the market between independent tanker owners.
IWA International Wheat Agreement

Jacket
The lower part of the production system from the seabed to the lower deck module.

Jackup
Movable installation consisting of a large deck with legs which may be jacked up. During operation, the legs are resting on the seabed, and the vessel "jacked up", leaving the deck in secure position high above the surface of the sea. When moved, the legs are retracted and the installation floates. Usually not equipped with own propulsion machinery. (Max. water depths 110 to 120 metres.) Normally used as a drilling rig.
JARC Jones Act Reform Coalition
JDPO
Junior Dynamic Positioning Officer

JETTISON The act of throwing goods or pumping cargo overboard to lighten a ship to improve stability in an emergency.
Joint service Two or more shipping companies jointly operating a service.
JR Jugoslav Register - Yugoslav classification society.

K (Kilo)
Desire to Communicate

Kelly
The upper square or hexagonal part of the drill stem.

KFK Koordinerende forskningskomit?© (Norway) - Coordinating Research Committee.
KGS Kilogram(s)
Kick
A sudden increase in the drill mud pressure from below. A kick may in extreme cases develop into a Blow-out.

Kill
The increase of the counterpressure in the well, e.g. achieved by using mud with higher specific gravity.

Knot Measure of speed for ships, i.e. one nautical mile (1,852 metres) per hour.
Kommandittselskap (K/S) Limited partnership. A form of shipfinancing very popular in Norway before the tax reform in 1991. Now almost obsolete.
KPI Kesatuan Pelant Indonesia - Indonesian seamen's union.
KR Korean Register of Shipping - Korean Ship Classification Society

KT Knot - measure of speed of a ship, equal to one nautical mile (6,080 feet or 1,852 meters) per hour
KTM Keel to Top of Mast - distance from the keel of the Vessel to the top of the mast, also referred to as Airdraft, which indicates the clearance needed for the Vessel to pass under air structures above the waterways.
kWT
The main machinery's break-kW + the vessel's gross tonnage (GT) according to the vessel's papers. Used by the NSA when calculating wage levels.

L (Lima)
You should stop, I have something important to communicate

L/C Letter of Credit ; Laydays/Canceling: See LAYCAN
L3C Last Three Cargoes
LA Los Angeles
LAFTA Latin America Free Trade Association
Lanemetre Used particularly in connection with the transportation of trailers. One lanemetre is one metre of deck, with a width of 2.5 to 3.0 metres.The capacity of ships built for the transportation of new automobiles is normally expressed by the number of cars carried, or by the area of deckspace, in square metres.
LASH Lighter Aboard Ship, i.e. ships which can carry lighters "piggy-back" fashion.
LAT Latitude ; Lowest Astronomic Tide: see Chart Datum
Lay Barge or Pipe Laying Barge
Vessel laying pipelines on the seabed.

LAYCAN Laydays/Canceling - a spread of dates - e.g.: "Laydays 1st September/Canceling 15th September," between which dates a vessel is to present for loading. Too early and she will probably have to wait. Too late and she risks being canceled by the charterers.
Lay-up
Ships are laid-up when rates are too low for profitable trading. Laid-up vessels are moored or anchored with a minimum watch crew on board.

LB Long Beach ; Lower Buchanan
LBP Length Between Perpendiculars - the length of the vessel measured between the forward part of the stern to the after part of the rudder post.
LCL Less than Container Load
LD Load
LDD Leaded
LDT Light Displacement Tonnage
Leasing When a ship is leased, the owner may in fact utilize it as in a bareboat or hire-purchase-C/P, but without entering into a charter-party-contract. The price is agreed between the shipping company (lessee) and the vessel's legal owner - the leasing company (lessor). The agreed fee will normally give the lessor a return on the investment with a profit during the leasing period. When the agreed period expires, the lessee may extend the leasing, but at a reduced fee (e.g. 1/12 of previous fee), or purchase the vessel at its estimated value.
LGM Lawful General Merchandise
LIFO Liner In Free Out
Liner Vessel serving a regular defined route or trade, following a published sailing schedule.
Liner conference Two or more shipping companies operating a service in common between designated areas. Conference partners agree special freight rates and terms for the trade, in order to stabilize market and service.
Liner Pipe
Casing which does not reach quite up to the well-head.

Liner service Cargoships operating regular schedules between advertised ports.
LIST The leaning of the vessel to the port or starboard.
LLA Long Length Additional
LLMC International Convention on Limitation of Liability for Maritime Claims
LMMA London Maritime Arbitrators Association, London
LNG Liquefied Natural Gas
LOA Length Over All:
The extreme length of the vessel measured from the foremost part to the aftermost part of the hull.
LOC (L/C) Letter of Credit ; Letter Of Compliance
LOF-90 Lloyd's Open Form - standardized salvage contract.
LOF-95 Lloyd's Open Form - standardized salvage contract. Current version is called LOF-95. Effective January 1 1995. Revised and updated version of the LOF-90, and reflects changes resulting from the UK Merchant Shipping (Salvage and Pollution) Act 1994. Other changes have also been incorporated in this new LOF-95.
LOFR Letter Of Financial Responsibility
LOG An apparatus for measuring the speed of a vessel through the water. ; An entry made in a log book to record any event or occurrence during the logging period.
LOI Letter of Indemnity - a guarantee issued by the receiver named in the Bill of Lading, Holding the carrier harmless if he is ordered to release the cargo without presentation of original Bill of Lading.
LOLO Lift On/Lift Off - a term describing the method of loading and discharging cargo by ship or shore gear.
Lo-lo-ship Lift on-lift off-ship. Containers or other goods are lifted on board and ashore by cranes.
LONG Longitude
LORI Letter Of Response Intention
LOT Load On Top - the concept of allowing hydrocarbon material recovered during tank washing to be commingled with the next cargo.
LOU Letter of Undertaking - a guarantee issued by a P & I Club or insurer, in cases where a vessel is involved in an accidents or damage to cargo. The LOU guarantees settlement of any proven claims, thus allowing the vessel to sail without unnecessary delays.
LPG Liquefied Petroleum Gas
LPOC Last Port Of Call
LR Lloyd's Register of Shipping - British classification society.
LS Lump Sum
LS & D Landing, Storage and Delivery
LSC Liberian Shipping Council
LSWR Low Sulphur Waxy Residue
LT (L/T) Long Ton - ton of 2,240 pounds, equivalent to 1,016 metric tons (M/T) ; Liner Terms - the responsibility and cost of loading, carrying and discharging cargo is that of the carrier, from the moment the goods are placed alongside the carrying vessel in readiness for loading, until discharged alongside at their destination. Time spent cargo-handling is also at the carrier's risk.
LTS LayTime Saved - dispatch to be paid for laytime saved.
LW Low Water
LWONT Low Water Ordinary Neap Tides
LWOST Low Water Ordinary Spring Tides - a measure of water depth at the low water mark on ordinary (i.e.: not exceptional) Spring tides. See Chart Datum and MLWS.

M Meter or Measure
M/T (MT) Motor Tanker
M/V (MV) Motor Vessel
Management Company
A company (often third party) assuming responsibility for the operation and administration of a vessel, i.e. crewing, technical operations and maintenance.

Manifest List of all cargo on board (Cargo Manifest). Term used also for passenger list on cruise vessels, passenger ferries, etc
MARAD Maritime Administration (USA) - authority under the US department for Trade. Handles subsidies etc. to American shipyards and shipping companies.
Marine Riser
Large diametre casing, consisting of many pipe sections coupled together, normally with floating elements on the outside. Installed between the Marine BOP and the drilling rig.

MARINTEK Norsk Marinteknisk Forskningsinstitutt A/S (Trondheim) - Norwegian maritime research institution.
Maritime inquiry An inquiry conducted by maritime and legal authorities following an accident or near-accident at sea, resulting in a maritime declaration.The purpose of such hearings is to uncover the cause of accident or mishap. The inquiry is primarily conducted between members of the crew, but may also involve bystanders who may shed light on the events. The maritime inquiry serves three purposes according to Norwegian maritime law: -Enables maritime authorities to consider amending or improving existing rules and regulations in order to prevent similar accidents. -Determines whether or not someone should be prosecuted for criminal neglect or breach of rules. -Uncovers liabilities in connection with insurance claims.
MARPOL The International Convention for Prevention of Pollution from Ships (London) - 1973 (as modified by the Protocol of 1978)
MAX Maximum
MB Molded Breath - the breath of the hull at the widest part, measured between the outer surfaces of the frames.
MBT Motor Blocks Turning
MCT Marine Custody Transfer
MCTM Marine Custody Transfer Measurement - the measurement activity involving a marine custody transfer (MCT)
MD Mean Draft - the average of the drafts measured at the bow and the stern. ; Molded Depth - the depth measured between the top of the keel, or lower surface of the frame at the center line, and the top of the upper deck beam at the gunwale.
MDO Marine Diesel Oil
MED Mediterranean Sea
MED Mediterranean Sea
MEIF Mandatory Excess Insurance Facility - Norwegian-Swedish-Greek proposal to solve the COFR-question.
MEP Marine Environmental Protection (U.S.)
MEPC Maritime Environment Protection Committee (IMO, London)
Merger The joining of two or more (shipowning) companies.Merger - the joining of two or more (shipowning) companies.
MERCOSUR
Regional political trade organisation comprising Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay and Uruguay.

MERPAC Merchant Marine Personnel Advisory Committee
MF Meter Factor
MFO Marine Fuel Oil
MHWN Mean High Water Neaps
MHWS Mean High Water Springs
MIN Minimum
MIN/MAX Minimum/Maximum - refers to fixed cargo size - e.g.: "10,000 tonnes min./max.".
MIO Marine Inspections Office
MITS Maritim information technology.
MMC Merchant Mariners??™ Credentials
MMPD Maximum Most Probable Discharge (U.S., related to oil spill)
MMS Minerals Management Service (U.S.)
MODU Mobile Offshore Drilling Unit
MOL More Or Less - refers to a cargo size option - say, "10,000 tonnes, 5 per cent more or less" - usually clarifying whose option to select the final cargo size
MOLCHOP More Or Less Charterer's Option
MOLCO More Or Less Charterer's Option
MOLOO More or less owner's option - a margin which the shipowner has for the amount of cargo a vessel should carry. I.e. "30,000 tons 5 per cent moloo" means that the vessel can load between 28,500 and 31,500 tons.
Monkey Board
Platform in the drilling tower where the Derrick Man is handling the drill stem.

Monopod
Type of rig where the foundation consists of a cylindric stem from the seabed to the surface.

Motion Compensator
Equalizes level variations during drilling from floating rigs or cranes.

MOU Memorandum Of Understanding
Mousehole
Hole in the Derrick platform where the next section of drill stem is placed awaiting being coupled to the drill stem.

MPA Marine Preservation Association (supports MSRC)
MPMS Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards (API)
MPSV
Multipurpose Service Vessel

MR Mates Receipt
MRR Maritime Regulatory Reform
MS Motor Ship
MSC Maritime Safety Committee (IMO, London)
MSDS Material Safety Data Sheet
MSIS Marine Safety Information System
MSO Marine Safety Office (USCG)
MSRC Marine Spill Response Corp., The. (OSRO)
MT (M/T) Metric Tonne - a tonne of 2,204 pounds or 1,000 kilograms, equivalent to 0.9842 long tons.
MTC Maritime Transport Committee (OECD)
Mud Line
The sea bed, the borderline between the water and solid sediments.

Mud Pit
Tank containing the drill mud.

Mud Weight
The weight of the drill mud in pounds per gallon. Light mud: 8 pounds/gln; heavy mud: 14 pounds/gln.

MUI Maritime Union of Indian Officers
Multipurpose ship General cargo ship which can also carry containers.

N/B New Building
NAABSA Not Always Afloat But Safe Aground - most owners will agree only that their vessel (especially deep-sea vessels) proceed only to ports where there is sufficient water to remain always afloat, so as to avoid the risk of hull damage. There are areas and ports, however, where water depth is restricted but, the bottom being soft mud, it is customary for ships to safely lie on the bottom at certain states of the tide - e.g.: River Plate. In such a case, owners will probably agree to proceed NAABSA.
NAFTA
North-American Free Trade Agreement

NARCO National Response Corporation (OSRO)
NASCO Norwegian Asian Seafarers' Conference
NATO North-Atlantic Treaty Organization - Western defence alliance.
NAVSAC Navigation Safety Advisory Council
NCB National Cargo Bureau
NCP National Oil and Hazardous Substances Pollution Contingency Plan (U.S.)
NDFCAPMQS No Deadfreight For Charterer's Account Provided Minimum Quantity Supplied.
Neap Tides The opposite of Spring Tides (which see). Neap Tides occur when the tidal range is at its lowest - in other words during periods of relatively low high tides, and of relatively high low tides. A vessel that is prevented from berthing or from sailing with a full cargo or, indeed, is trapped in a berth by the onset of neap tides, is said to have been "neaped".
NEOBIG Not East Of But Including Greece
NET CAP Net Capacity
NET OBQ OBQ less free water in cargo, slop tanks and lines, and water in suspension in slop tanks.
Net Tonnage NT (0.2+0.02?·log10(Vc))?·Vc?·(4d/3D)2, for passenger ships the following formula is added: 1.25?·(GT+10000)/10000?·(N1+(N2/10)), where Vc is the volume of the cargo holds, D is the distance between the ship's bottom and the uppermost deck, d is the draught, N1 is the number of cabin passengers, and N2 is the number of deck passengers.
NETAC The National Environmental Technology Applications Center (Pittsburgh, PA)
Nett Terms Opposite to Gross Terms. Cargo-handling is the responsibility and for the account of the charterer or the cargo seller.
NEWCI Not East of West Coast of Italy
NFD Norwegian Friendship Development - Norwegian recruiting office in Manila.
NH North of (Cape) Hatteras
NIDDESC Navy/Industry Digital Data Exchange Standards Committee
NIOSH National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
NIS Norsk Internasjonalt Skipsregister (Bergen) - Norwegian International Ship Register.
NIST National Institute of Standards & Technology
NK / NKK Nippon Kaiji Kyokai ( Japanese Ship Classification Society)
NMB Norsk Maritimt Befalskartell - (see FENSO)
NMU National Maritime Union (USA)
NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration - (A U.S. agency incorporating the National Weather Service)
NOE Not Otherwise Enumerated
NOKUS-company (NOrsk-Kontrollert Utenlandsk Selska Company established in a country where corporate taxes are less than two thirds of Norwegian corporate tax, and Norwegian interests own or control minimum 50 per cent of the shares. Norwegian participants in such companies are taxed in Norway for their share of profits (?§7 in Norwegian Tax Law).
NOLA New Orleans, Louisiana
NOP Notice Of Protest - a letter issued by any participant in a voyage citing any condition with which issue is taken. This serves as a written record that the particular action or finding was questioned at the time of occurrence. For example a declaration made by the Master before a notary public or consular official when through stress of weather, there has been or the master fears that there might have been, damage to the vessel or cargo, or occurrences that exceeded or breached the warranties in the Charter Party. Copies are frequently demanded by insurance underwriters in the event of a claim.
NOPEF Norsk Olje- og Petrokjemisk Fagforbund, Stavanger - Norwegian trade union for oil industry workers.
NOR Skipsregisteret, Bergen. Often termed Norsk Ordin'rt Register - the Norwegian Ordinary Ship Register.
NOR Notice Of Readiness - notice served by the Master to inform the terminal/charterer that the vessel is ready in all respects to load or discharge cargo.
NORDKOMPASS Nordisk Komit? for Passasjerskip - Nordic forum for passengership and ferry companies and shipowners' associations.
NOS Not Otherwise Specified
NOV Net Observed Volume - the total volume of all petroleum liquids, excluding S&W, and free water at observed temperature and pressure.
NPA National Petroleum Association - usually with reference to ASTM D-155 color scale, for instance "undarker than 2.5 NPA", which can be described as "extra lemon pale"
NPDES National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (U.S.)
NPFC National Pollution Funds Center
NPRA National Petroleum Refiners' Association
NPRM Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (U.S.)
NR Norges Rederiforbund (Oslo) - Norwegian Shipowners' Association (NSA).
NRC National Response Center (USCG)
NRDA National Resource Damage Assessment (pronounced: NERDA)
NRDAM/GLE Natural Resource Damage Assessment Model for Great Lakes Environments
NRDC Natural Resources Defense Council
NRDC The National Resources Defense

Словарь морских терменов, содержащий термены на английском и русском языках. (Bases of maritime technical terminology)
Словарь содержит большое количество рисунков!

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